Across the United States, a growing number of states are exploring legislation to facilitate the installation of plug-in solar systems, commonly referred to as balcony solar. These compact solar arrays require minimal setup and have the potential to significantly reduce both carbon emissions and electricity costs for users.
Balcony solar has gained traction in Europe, where it has been embraced by renters and homeowners alike. Proponents argue that this technology could democratize access to solar power in the U.S., allowing more individuals to harness renewable energy. However, experts have raised concerns regarding safety and compatibility with existing electrical systems, emphasizing the need for proper regulations as this trend gains momentum.
Plug-in solar systems are designed for easy installation, often needing no professional assistance. Typically measuring up to two square meters (approximately 20 square feet), these units can generate up to 800 watts of power—enough to operate common appliances like microwaves. In the U.S., many individuals have already embarked on DIY installations, often navigating a regulatory gray area. Utah has taken a significant step forward by becoming the first state to officially permit the use of low-capacity balcony solar systems, with over two dozen other states deliberating similar measures.
Utilities typically require interconnection agreements for larger solar installations, which can involve complex fees and permits. However, Utah’s new legislation eliminates this requirement for small, certified systems that primarily serve to meet household energy needs without returning power to the grid. In January, the national testing and certification organization UL Solutions introduced UL 3700, a new standard aimed at certifying balcony solar systems for safety. The framework addresses three critical safety concerns: circuit overload risk, ground fault circuit interruption (GFCI) functionality, and potential hazards from energized plug blades during disconnection.
To enhance safety, UL Solutions recommends that these systems utilize specialized outlets designed for plug-in solar technology. While this may necessitate electrical upgrades in homes, it ensures that installations comply with safety protocols. Currently, no plug-in solar systems have received full UL certification, but the implementation of these standards could pave the way for safer, more accessible solar power solutions. As the industry moves forward, the goal remains clear: to make solar energy a viable and secure option for all Americans.
Source: The balcony solar boom is coming to the US via MIT Technology Review